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Research papers on Quantum entanglement

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  1. Quantum Computing in the NISQ era and beyond

    John Preskill · 2018 · Quantum · 8,668 citations

    Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) technology will be available in the near future. Quantum computers with 50-100 qubits may be able to perform tasks which surpass the capabilities of today's classical digital computers, but noise in quantum gates will limit the size of quantum circuits that can be executed reliably. NISQ devices will be useful tools for exploring many-body quantum physics, and may have other useful applications, but the 100-qubit quantum computer will not change the world right away - we should regard it as a significant step toward the more powerful quantum technologies of the future. Quantum technologists should continue to strive for more accurate quantum gates and,

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  2. Quantum cryptography

    Nicolas Gisin, G. Ribordy, Wolfgang Tittel, et al. · 2002 · Reviews of Modern Physics · 8,478 citations

    Quantum cryptography could well be the first application of quantum mechanics at the single-quantum level. The rapid progress in both theory and experiment in recent years is reviewed, with emphasis on open questions and technological issues.

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  4. Quantum information with continuous variables

    Samuel L. Braunstein, Peter van Loock · 2005 · Reviews of Modern Physics · 3,876 citations

    Quantum information is a rapidly advancing area of interdisciplinary research. It may lead to real-world applications for communication and computation unavailable without the exploitation of quantum properties such as nonorthogonality or entanglement. This article reviews the progress in quantum information based on continuous quantum variables, with emphasis on quantum optical implementations in terms of the quadrature amplitudes of the electromagnetic field.

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  6. Entanglement in Quantum Critical Phenomena

    Guifré Vidal, José I. Latorre, E. Rico, et al. · 2003 · Physical Review Letters · 2,861 citations

    Entanglement, one of the most intriguing features of quantum theory and a main resource in quantum information science, is expected to play a crucial role also in the study of quantum phase transitions, where it is responsible for the appearance of long-range correlations. We investigate, through a microscopic calculation, the scaling properties of entanglement in spin chain systems, both near and at a quantum critical point. Our results establish a precise connection between concepts of quantum information, condensed matter physics, and quantum field theory, by showing that the behavior of critical entanglement in spin systems is analogous to that of entropy in conformal field theories. We

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  7. Quantum State Transfer and Entanglement Distribution among Distant Nodes in a Quantum Network

    J. I. Cirac, P. Zoller, H. J. Kimble, et al. · 1997 · Physical Review Letters · 2,240 citations

    We propose a scheme to utilize photons for ideal quantum transmission between atoms located at spatially separated nodes of a quantum network. The transmission protocol employs special laser pulses that excite an atom inside an optical cavity at the sending node so that its state is mapped into a time-symmetric photon wave packet that will enter a cavity at the receiving node and be absorbed by an atom there with unit probability. Implementation of our scheme would enable reliable transfer or sharing of entanglement among spatially distant atoms.

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  9. Multiphoton entanglement and interferometry

    Jian-Wei Pan, Zeng‐Bing Chen, Chao‐Yang Lu, et al. · 2012 · Reviews of Modern Physics · 1,442 citations

    Multiphoton interference reveals strictly nonclassical phenomena. Its applications range from fundamental tests of quantum mechanics to photonic quantum information processing, where a significant fraction of key experiments achieved so far comes from multiphoton state manipulation. The progress, both theoretical and experimental, of this rapidly advancing research is reviewed. The emphasis is given to the creation of photonic entanglement of various forms, tests of the completeness of quantum mechanics (in particular, violations of local realism), quantum information protocols for quantum communication (e.g., quantum teleportation, entanglement purification, and quantum repeater), and quant

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  11. Quantum Information Theory

    Mark M. Wilde · 2013 · Cambridge University Press eBooks · 1,149 citations

    Finally, here is a modern, self-contained text on quantum information theory suitable for graduate-level courses. Developing the subject 'from the ground up' it covers classical results as well as major advances of the past decade. Beginning with an extensive overview of classical information theory suitable for the non-expert, the author then turns his attention to quantum mechanics for quantum information theory, and the important protocols of teleportation, super-dense coding and entanglement distribution. He develops all of the tools necessary for understanding important results in quantum information theory, including capacity theorems for classical, entanglement-assisted, private and q

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  12. Entanglement-Assisted Communication of Classical and Quantum Information

    Min-Hsiu Hsieh, Mark M. Wilde · 2010 · IEEE Transactions on Information Theory · 118 citations

    In this paper, we consider the problem of transmitting classical and quantum information reliably over an entanglement-assisted quantum (EAQ) channel. Our main result is a capacity theorem that gives a 3-D achievable rate region. Points in the region are rate triples, consisting of the classical communication rate, the quantum communication rate, and the entanglement consumption rate of a particular coding scheme. The crucial protocol in achieving the boundary points of the capacity region is a protocol that we name the classically enhanced father(CEF) protocol. The CEF protocol is more general than other protocols in the family tree of quantum Shannon theoretic protocols, in the sense that

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  14. Photonic entanglement for fundamental tests and quantum communication

    Wolfgang Tittel, Gregor Weihs · 2001 · Quantum Information and Computation · 59 citations

    Entanglement is at the heart of fundamental tests of quantum mechanics like tests of Bell-inequalities and, as discovered lately, of quantum computation and communication. Their technological advance made entangled photons play an outstanding role in entanglement physics. We give a generalized concept of qubit entanglement and review the state of the art of photonics experiments.

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  15. Quantum Entanglement and Its Application in Quantum Communication

    Nanxi Zou · 2021 · Journal of Physics: Conference Series · 57 citations

    Since the concept of quantum entanglement was proposed, quantum entanglement has been paid more and more attention. Especially in recent years, with the interdisciplinary and interdisciplinary development of quantum informatics, the general definition, physical properties and entanglement measurement of quantum entanglement have been comprehensively and deeply studied. Due to its nonlocality, quantum entanglement has been widely used in quantum information, especially in quantum communication. In view of the application status of quantum entanglement in quantum communication, this paper presents a survey of quantum entanglement and its application in quantum communication. In this paper, 230

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  16. Entanglement Routing Design Over Quantum Networks

    Yiming Zeng, Jiarui Zhang, Ji Liu, et al. · 2024 · IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking · 42 citations

    Quantum networks have emerged as a future platform for quantum information exchange and applications, with promising capabilities far beyond traditional communication networks. Remote quantum entanglement is an essential component of a quantum network. How to efficiently design a multi-routing entanglement protocol is a fundamental yet challenging problem. In this paper, we study a quantum entanglement routing problem to simultaneously maximize the number of quantum-user pairs and their expected throughput. Our approach is to formulate the problem as two sequential integer programming problems. We propose efficient entanglement routing algorithms for these two optimization problems and analy

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  17. Ultrabright Entanglement Based Quantum Key Distribution over a 404 km Optical Fiber.

    Shi-Chang Zhuang, Bo Li, Ming-Yang Zheng, et al. · 2024 · Physical review letters · 30 citations

    Entangled photons are crucial resources for quantum information processing. Here, we present an ultrabright polarization-entangled photon source based on a periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide designed for practical quantum communication networks. Using a 780 nm pump laser, the source achieves a pair generation rate of 2.4×10^{10}  pairs/s/mW. Remarkably, the entangled photons are bright enough to be detected by a power meter, reaching a power of 17.9 nW under a pump power of 3.2 mW. We demonstrate the practicality of the source by conducting quantum key distribution experiments over long-distance fiber links. Wavelength-division multiplexing was employed to enhance the key generatio

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  18. Quantum entanglement and interference at 3 μm

    Zheng Ge, Zhao-Qi-Zhi Han, Fan Yang, et al. · 2024 · Science Advances · 28 citations

    Given the important advantages of the mid-infrared optical range (2.5 to 25 μm) for biomedical sensing, optical communications, and molecular spectroscopy, extending quantum information technology to this region is highly attractive. However, the development of mid-infrared quantum information technology is still in its infancy. Here, we report on the generation of a time-energy entangled photon pair in the mid-infrared wavelength band. By using frequency upconversion detection technology, we observe the two-photon Hong-Ou-Mandel interference and demonstrate the time-energy entanglement between twin photons at 3082 nm via the Franson-type interferometer, verifying the indistinguishability an

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  19. High‐Dimensional Entanglement for Quantum Communication in the Frequency Domain

    Meritxell Cabrejo-Ponce, André Luiz Marques Muniz, Marcus Huber, et al. · 2022 · Laser & Photonics Reviews · 28 citations

    High‐dimensional photonic entanglement is a promising candidate for error‐protected quantum information processing with improved capacity. Encoding high‐dimensional qudits in the carrier frequency of photons combines ease of generation, universal single‐photon gates, and compatibility with fiber transmission for high‐capacity quantum communication. Recent landmark experiments have impressively demonstrated quantum interference of a few frequency modes, yet the certification of massive‐dimensional frequency entanglement has remained an open challenge. This study shows how to harness the large frequency‐entanglement inherent in standard continuous‐wave spontaneous parametric down‐conversion pr

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  20. Optimized Distribution of Entanglement Graph States in Quantum Networks

    Xiaojie Fan, Caitao Zhan, Himanshu Gupta, et al. · 2024 · IEEE Transactions on Quantum Engineering · 28 citations

    Building large-scale quantum computers, essential to demonstrating quantum advantage, is a key challenge. Quantum networks can help address this challenge by enabling the construction of large, robust, and more capable quantum computing platforms by connecting smaller quantum computers. Moreover, unlike classical systems, quantum networks can enable fully secured long-distance communication. Thus, quantum networks lie at the heart of the success of future quantum information technologies. In quantum networks, multipartite entangled states distributed over the network help implement and support many quantum network applications for communications, sensing, and computing. Our work focuses on d

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  21. Quantum integrated sensing and communication via entanglement

    Yu-Chen Liu, Yuan-Bin Cheng, Xing-bo Pan, et al. · 2024 · Physical Review Applied · 26 citations

    Quantum communication and quantum metrology are widely compelling applications in the field of quantum information science, and quantum remote sensing is an intersection of both. Despite their differences, there are notable commonalities between quantum communication and quantum remote sensing, as they achieve their functionalities through the transmission of quantum states. Here we propose a quantum integrated sensing and communication (QISAC) protocol, which achieves quantum sensing under the Heisenberg limit while simultaneously enabling quantum secure communication through the transmission of entanglements. We have theoretically proven its security against eavesdroppers. The security of

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  23. MULTIPARTITE ENTANGLEMENT UNDER STOCHASTIC LOCAL OPERATIONS AND CLASSICAL COMMUNICATION

    AKIMASA MIYAKE · 2004 · International Journal of Quantum Information · 23 citations

    Stochastic local operations and classical communication (SLOCC), also called local filtering operations, are a convenient, useful set of quantum operations in grasping essential properties of entanglement. We give a quick overview of the characteristics of multipartite entanglement in terms of SLOCC, illustrating the 2-qubit and the rest (2×2×n) quantum system. This not only includes celebrated results of 3-qubit pure states, but also has implications to 2-qubit mixed states.

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  24. Entanglement-Based Quantum Information Technology

    Zheshen Zhang, Chenglong You, O. Magaña-Loaiza, et al. · 2023 · Advances in Optics and Photonics · 17 citations

    Entanglement is a quintessential quantum mechanical phenomenon with no classical equivalent. First discussed by Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen and formally introduced by Schr\"odinger in 1935, entanglement has grown from a scientific debate to a radically new resource that sparks a technological revolution. This review focuses on the fundamentals and recent advances in entanglement-based quantum information technology (QIT), specifically in photonic systems. Photons are unique quantum information carriers with several advantages, such as their ability to operate at room temperature, their compatibility with existing communication and sensing infrastructures, and the availability of readily ac

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