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Research papers on Room-temperature superconductivity

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  8. Evidence for Superconductivity above 260 K in Lanthanum Superhydride at Megabar Pressures

    Maddury Somayazulu, Muhtar Ahart, Ajay K. Mishra, et al. · 2019 · Physical Review Letters · 1,478 citations

    Recent predictions and experimental observations of high T_{c} superconductivity in hydrogen-rich materials at very high pressures are driving the search for superconductivity in the vicinity of room temperature. We have developed a novel preparation technique that is optimally suited for megabar pressure syntheses of superhydrides using modulated laser heating while maintaining the integrity of sample-probe contacts for electrical transport measurements to 200 GPa. We detail the synthesis and characterization of lanthanum superhydride samples, including four-probe electrical transport measurements that display significant drops in resistivity on cooling up to 260 K and 180-200 GPa, and resi

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  10. Hydrogen Clathrate Structures in Rare Earth Hydrides at High Pressures: Possible Route to Room-Temperature Superconductivity.

    Feng Peng, Ying Sun, Chris J. Pickard, et al. · 2017 · Physical review letters · 971 citations

    Room-temperature superconductivity has been a long-held dream and an area of intensive research. Recent experimental findings of superconductivity at 200 K in highly compressed hydrogen (H) sulfides have demonstrated the potential for achieving room-temperature superconductivity in compressed H-rich materials. We report first-principles structure searches for stable H-rich clathrate structures in rare earth hydrides at high pressures. The peculiarity of these structures lies in the emergence of unusual H cages with stoichiometries H_{24}, H_{29}, and H_{32}, in which H atoms are weakly covalently bonded to one another, with rare earth atoms occupying the centers of the cages. We have found t

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  12. The 2021 room-temperature superconductivity roadmap

    L. Boeri, R. Hennig, P. Hirschfeld, et al. · 2021 · Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter · 165 citations

    Designing materials with advanced functionalities is the main focus of contemporary solid-state physics and chemistry. Research efforts worldwide are funneled into a few high-end goals, one of the oldest, and most fascinating of which is the search for an ambient temperature superconductor (A-SC). The reason is clear: superconductivity at ambient conditions implies being able to handle, measure and access a single, coherent, macroscopic quantum mechanical state without the limitations associated with cryogenics and pressurization. This would not only open exciting avenues for fundamental research, but also pave the road for a wide range of technological applications, affecting strategic area

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  13. Room Temperature Superconductivity: the Roles of Theory and Materials Design

    W. Pickett · 2022 · 89 citations

    For half a century after the discovery of superconductivity, materials exploration for better superconductors proceeded without knowledge of the underlying mechanism. The 1957 BCS theory cleared that up: the superconducting state occurs due to pairing of electrons over the Fermi surface. Over the following half century higher critical temperature T$_c$ was achieved only serendipitously as new materials were synthesized. Meanwhile the formal theory of phonon-coupled superconductivity at the material-dependent level became highly developed: given a known compound, its value of T$_c$, the superconducting gap function, and several other properties of the superconducting state became available in

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  15. Hole-doped room-temperature superconductivity in H3S1-xZ (Z=C, Si)

    Yanfeng Ge, Fan Zhang, R. Dias, et al. · 2020 · arXiv: Superconductivity · 62 citations

    We examine the effects of the partial substitution of S atoms by C and Si atoms on the superconductivity of H$_3$S with the $Im\bar{3}m$ structure at megabar pressure. The low-level substitution can fine-tune the Fermi energy to reach the electronic density-of-states peak maximizing the electron-phonon coupling. This can boost the critical temperature from the original 203 K to 289 K and 283 K, respectively, for H$_3$S$_{0.962}$C$_{0.038}$ at 260 GPa and H$_3$S$_{0.960}$Si$_{0.040}$ at 230 GPa. The former may provide an explanation for the recent experimental observation of room-temperature superconductivity in a highly compressed C-S-H system [Nature 586, 373-377 (2020)]. Our work opens a n

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  16. Lifshitz transitions and zero point lattice fluctuations in sulfur hydride showing near room temperature superconductivity

    Antonio Bianconi, Thomas Jarlborg · 2015 · Novel Superconducting Materials · 27 citations

    AbstractEmerets’s experiments on pressurized sulfur hydride have shown that H3S metal has the highest known superconducting critical temperature Tc = 203 K. The Emerets data show pressure induced changes of the isotope coefficient between 0.25 and 0.5, in disagreement with Eliashberg theory which predicts a nearly constant isotope coefficient.We assign the pressure dependent isotope coefficient to Lifshitz transitions induced by pressure and zero point lattice fluctuations. It is known that pressure could induce changes of the topology of the Fermi surface, called Lifshitz transitions, but were neglected in previous papers on the H3S superconductivity issue. Here we propose thatH3S is a mult

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  17. Room temperature superconductivity dome at a Fano resonance in superlattices of wires

    Maria Vittoria Mazziotti, T. Jarlborg, A. Bianconi, et al. · 2021 · Europhysics Letters · 14 citations

    Recently room temperature superconductivity with degrees Celsius has been discovered in a pressurized complex ternary hydride, CSH x , which is a carbon- and hydrogen-doped H3S alloy. The nanoscale structure of H3S is a particular realization of the 1993 patent claim of superlattice of quantum wires for room temperature superconductors and the maximum T C occurs at the top of a superconducting dome. Here we focus on the electronic structure of materials showing nanoscale heterostructures at the atomic limit made of a superlattice of quantum wires like hole-doped cuprate perovskites, and organics focusing on A15 intermetallics and pressurized hydrides. We provide a perspective of the theory o

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  18. Missing theoretical evidence for conventional room-temperature superconductivity in low-enthalpy structures of carbonaceous sulfur hydrides

    Moritz Gubler, José A. Flores-Livas, A. Kozhevnikov, et al. · 2021 · Physical Review Materials · 13 citations

    To elucidate the geometric structure of the putative room temperature superconductor, carbonaceous sulfur hydride, at high pressure, we present the results of an extensive computational structure search of bulk C-S-H at 250 gigapascals. Using the minima hopping structure prediction method coupled to the GPU accelerated Sirius library, more than 17,000 local minima with different stochiometries in large simulation cells were investigated. Only 24 stochiometries are favourable against elemental decomposition, all of them are carbon doped H$_3$S crystals. The absence of van Hove singularities or similar peaks in the electronic density of states of more than 3.000 candidate phases rules out conv

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  21. The path to room-temperature superconductivity: A programmatic approach

    Rohit P. Prasankumar, Matthew N. Julian, Michael J. Hutcheon, et al. · 2026 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 5 citations

    Room-temperature superconductivity is arguably the greatest challenge in condensed matter physics, with significant practical and commercial implications if it can be solved. There are no physical laws preventing this from occurring; indeed, superconductivity has been observed in so many different materials under so many different conditions that it is almost a “generic” property of nonmagnetic metals. This guides our viewpoint that high-temperature superconductivity is possible, if difficult to realize. Here, we lay out two grand challenges facing the field, titled the Prediction Challenge and the Engineering Challenge, and put forward a programmatic approach for overcoming them. The Predic

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  22. From high-temperature superconductivity to room-temperature superconductivity: From ambient to high pressure; from very high pressure to ambient again!?

    L. Z. Deng, Z. Wu, T. Bontke, et al. · 2024 · IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering · 4 citations

    This article will first briefly review the impressive advancements made in high-temperature superconductivity (HTS) before the arrival of room-temperature superconductivity (RTS). Accompanying the advancements made in superconductivity science and technology over the last century, a solid experimental framework concerning the search, development, and even authentication of new discoveries has been established. All these can serve as valuable references in the infancy of RTS research. In this spirit, we will comment on the current status of rare-earth hydride RTS and present our preliminary negative results on Lu-N-H and LK-99, the two most studied materials in the search for RTS in the last

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  23. Dynamical approach to realize room-temperature superconductivity in LaH10

    Chendi Xie, Adam D. Smith, Haoran Yan, et al. · 2023 · npj Computational Materials · 3 citations

    Metallic hydrogen and hydride materials stand as promising avenues to achieve room-temperature superconductivity. Characterized by their high phonon frequencies and moderate coupling strengths, several high-pressure hydrides were theoretically predicted to exhibit transition temperatures (Tc) exceeding 250 K, a claim further substantiated by experimental evidence. In an effort to push Tc beyond room temperature, we introduce a dynamical method that involves stimulating hydrides with mid-infrared lasers. Employing Floquet first-principles simulations, we observe that in a nonequilibrium state induced by light, both the electronic density of states and the coupling to high-energy phonons see n

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  24. Path for Room-Temperature Superconductivity in Q-Carbon-Related Materials

    Jagdish Narayan · 2024 · C · 2 citations

    We present the atomic structures and nonequilibrium synthesis of a new class of materials, where the basic structural unit is a diamond tetrahedron. When units of one, two, and three tetrahedra are randomly packed, we create distinct phases of amorphous Q-carbon. Four tetrahedra in two adjacent layers lead to crystalline diamond lattice, which has four missing tetrahedra alternately. When these four missing tetrahedra are filled, we create subunit cell of crystalline Q-diamond. Theoretical calculations show that the superconducting transition temperature (Tc) in 50 atomic % B-doped Q-diamond can reach room temperature at ambient pressures. This is consistent with our earlier results using lo

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