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  2. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence

    Darren E. R. Warburton · 2006 · Canadian Medical Association Journal · 8,082 citations

    The primary purpose of this narrative review was to evaluate the current literature and to provide further insight into the role physical inactivity plays in the development of chronic disease and premature death. We confirm that there is irrefutable evidence of the effectiveness of regular physical activity in the primary and secondary prevention of several chronic diseases (e.g., cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, hypertension, obesity, depression and osteoporosis) and premature death. We also reveal that the current Health Canada physical activity guidelines are sufficient to elicit health benefits, especially in previously sedentary people. There appears to be a linear relation be

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  3. Physical Activity and Public Health

    William L. Haskell, I‐Min Lee, Russell R. Pate, et al. · 2007 · Circulation · 6,570 citations

    SUMMARY: In 1995 the American College of Sports Medicine and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention published national guidelines on Physical Activity and Public Health. The Committee on Exercise and Cardiac Rehabilitation of the American Heart Association endorsed and supported these recommendations. The purpose of the present report is to update and clarify the 1995 recommendations on the types and amounts of physical activity needed by healthy adults to improve and maintain health. Development of this document was by an expert panel of scientists, including physicians, epidemiologists, exercise scientists, and public health specialists. This panel reviewed advances in pertinent ph

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  4. Overweight, Obesity, and Depression

    Floriana S. Luppino, Leonore de Wit, Paul F. Bouvy, et al. · 2010 · Archives of General Psychiatry · 4,353 citations

    CONTEXT: Association between obesity and depression has repeatedly been established. For treatment and prevention purposes, it is important to acquire more insight into their longitudinal interaction. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the longitudinal relationship between depression, overweight, and obesity and to identify possible influencing factors. DATA SOURCES: Studies were found using PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE databases and selected on several criteria. STUDY SELECTION: Studies examining the longitudinal bidirectional relation between depression and overweight (body mass index 25-29.99) or obesity (body mass index > or =30) were selected. DATA EXTRACTION

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  5. Exercise, physical activity, and self-determination theory: A systematic review

    Pedro J. Teixeira, Eliana V. Carraça, David Markland, et al. · 2012 · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · 2,963 citations

    BACKGROUND: Motivation is a critical factor in supporting sustained exercise, which in turn is associated with important health outcomes. Accordingly, research on exercise motivation from the perspective of self-determination theory (SDT) has grown considerably in recent years. Previous reviews have been mostly narrative and theoretical. Aiming at a more comprehensive review of empirical data, this article examines the empirical literature on the relations between key SDT-based constructs and exercise and physical activity behavioral outcomes. METHODS: This systematic review includes 66 empirical studies published up to June 2011, including experimental, cross-sectional, and prospective stud

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  6. Exercise and Physical Activity in the Prevention and Treatment of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

    Paul D. Thompson, David M. Büchner, Ileana L. Piña, et al. · 2003 · Circulation · 2,144 citations

    R egular physical activity using large muscle groups, such as walking, running, or swimming, produces cardiovascular adaptations that increase exercise capacity, endurance, and skeletal muscle strength. Habitual physical activity also prevents the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) and reduces symptoms in patients with established cardiovascular disease. There is also evidence that exercise reduces the risk of other chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, 1 osteoporosis, 2 obesity, 3 depression, 4 and cancer of the breast 5 and colon. This American Heart Association (AHA) Scientific Statement for health professionals summarizes the evidence for the benefits of physical activit

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  8. The influence of physical activity on mental well-being

    Kenneth R Fox · 1999 · Public Health Nutrition · 1,413 citations

    OBJECTIVE: The case for exercise and health has primarily been made on its impact on diseases such coronary heart disease, obesity and diabetes. However, there is a very high cost attributed to mental disorders and illness and in the last 15 years there has been increasing research into the role of exercise a) in the treatment of mental health, and b) in improving mental well-being in the general population. There are now several hundred studies and over 30 narrative or meta-analytic reviews of research in this field. These have summarised the potential for exercise as a therapy for clinical or subclinical depression or anxiety, and the use of physical activity as a means of upgrading life q

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  9. Evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in chronic disease

    Bente Klarlund Pedersen, Bengt Saltin · 2006 · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · 1,393 citations

    Considerable knowledge has accumulated in recent decades concerning the significance of physical activity in the treatment of a number of diseases, including diseases that do not primarily manifest as disorders of the locomotive apparatus. In this review we present the evidence for prescribing exercise therapy in the treatment of metabolic syndrome-related disorders (insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity), heart and pulmonary diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure, intermittent claudication), muscle, bone and joint diseases (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, fibromyalgia, chronic fati

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  11. Exercise for the Treatment of Depression

    Jan Knapen, Davy Vancampfort, B. Schoubs, et al. · 2009 · The Open Complementary Medicine Journal · 914 citations

    Depression is a common mental disorder that presents with depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep and/or appetite, low energy, and poor concentration. Depression is a widespread and often chronic condition. Lifetime prevalence estimates for major depressive disorder are approximately 15% to 20%; 1-year prevalence estimates are 5% to 10%. Moreover, depression is characterized by high rates of relapse: 22% to 50% of patients suffer recurrent episodes within 6 months after recovery.

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  12. IMPACT OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY IN ADOLESCENT INPATIENTS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL.

    Arnaud Philippot, Vincent Dubois, K. Lambrechts, et al. · 2022 · Journal of affective disorders · 181 citations

    BACKGROUND Physical exercise therapy is of proven efficacy in the treatment of adults with depression, but corresponding evidence is lacking in depressed adolescent inpatients. The aim of this study was to document the effect of add-on treatment with structured physical exercise in a clinical population of adolescents hospitalized for depression and anxiety in a psychiatric hospital. METHODS A group of 52 adolescent inpatients was randomly assigned to a physical exercise or control program three to four times per week over a six-week period (20 hours in total). The primary outcome was the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) for evaluation of depression and anxiety symptoms. Secondary

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  14. Effect of physical exercise intervention on mood and frontal alpha asymmetry in internet gaming disorder

    J. Hong, S. Kim, K. Kang, et al. · 2020 · Mental Health and Physical Activity · 47 citations

    Abstract Purpose We aimed to evaluate the effect and neurophysiological mechanism of physical exercise intervention combined with cognitive behavioral therapy on mood and frontal alpha asymmetry in the treatment of Internet gaming disorder. Methods Fifty male adolescents with Internet gaming disorder were randomly assigned to one of two groups. In the cognitive behavioral therapy + physical exercise group (CBT + PE group, n = 25), participants underwent eight sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy and six sessions of exercise intervention; in the cognitive behavioral therapy-only group (CBT-only group, n = 25), participants underwent eight sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy and six s

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  15. Is physical exercise and dietary therapy a feasible alternative to cognitive behavior therapy in treatment of eating disorders? A randomized controlled trial of two group therapies

    T. F. Mathisen, J. Rosenvinge, O. Friborg, et al. · 2020 · The International Journal of Eating Disorders · 42 citations

    Abstract Objective To compare effects of physical exercise and dietary therapy (PED‐t) to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in treatment of bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge‐eating disorder (BED). Method The active sample (18–40 years of age) consisted of 76 women in the PED‐t condition and 73 in the CBT condition. Participants who chose not to initiate treatment immediately (n = 23) were put on a waiting list. Outcome measures were the eating disorder examination questionnaire (EDE‐Q), Clinical Impairment Assessment (CIA), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and numbers in remission at posttreatment, and at 6‐, 12‐, and 24‐months follow‐up. Results Both treat

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  16. “Crawling Out of the Cocoon”: Patients' Experiences of a Physical Therapy Exercise Intervention in the Treatment of Major Depression

    Louise Danielsson, Birgitta Kihlbom, Susanne Rosberg · 2016 · Physical Therapy · 22 citations

    Abstract Background Although the effectiveness of physical exercise for depression has been studied for many years, few studies have described patients' experiences of what exercise means to them, beyond the biological focus. Moreover, exercise as a treatment for depression is rarely explored in a physical therapy context. Objectives The purpose of this study was to explore a physical therapy exercise intervention, as experienced by people with major depression. Design This study had an inductive approach a

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  17. Effect of different physical activity interventions on perinatal depression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

    Yu Shuai, Jinlong Wu, Chenmu Li, et al. · 2024 · BMC Public Health · 17 citations

    Perinatal depression can have profound impacts on both families and society. Exercise therapy is gradually becoming a widely used adjunct treatment for perinatal depression. Some studies have already focused on the relationship between physical activity and perinatal depression (PND). However, there is currently a lack of systematic and comprehensive evidence to address the crucial question of making optimal choices among different forms of physical activity. This study aims to compare and rank different physical activity intervention strategies and identify the most effective one for perinatal depression. Four databases, namely PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science, were sear

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  18. Analysis of the Effect of Different Physical Exercise Protocols on Depression in Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

    Érica M. Correia, D. Monteiro, Teresa Bento, et al. · 2023 · Sports Health · 16 citations

    Context: Physical exercise (PE) is an effective treatment for depression, alone or as an adjunct. Objective: There is a lack of indicators regarding the frequency, intensity, duration, and type of physical exercise (PE). This study aims to synthesize and analyze the dose-effect of different PE protocols in adult subjects in the treatment of depression, based on the analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Data Sources: The search was conducted using Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane Library electronic databases. Study Selection: Studies with an exercise-based intervention published by December 31, 2021 were identified. RCTs and meta-analyses involving adults with depression were a

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  21. Effect of physical activity on depression, anxiety, and stress in women surviving breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

    Dario da Silva Monte Nero, Carlos Rodrigo Nascimento de Lira, Cláudio Luiz da Silva Lima Paz, et al. · 2024 · Journal of Health Psychology · 9 citations

    Breast cancer treatment can lead to psychological distress, including depression, anxiety, and stress. We systematically investigated the effect of physical exercise on these factors in women surviving breast cancer (WSBC). Eight databases were searched to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Data extraction and bias risk analysis were conducted using standardized tools, with meta-analysis performed using Review Manager software. Out of 3529 documents initially identified, 15 RCTs were included, comprising 2756 WSBC (1284 in intervention groups and 1472 in control groups), with 2082 participants in depression analyses, 513 in anxiety analyses, and 161 in stress analyses. Me

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  23. Effect of Regular Physical Exercise on Gut Microbiota and Depressive Behaviors in Rats

    Liang-ju Sheng, Yuxuan Wang, Anqi Jiang, et al. · 2021 · Journal of Food Quality · 9 citations

    Objective. The gut microbiota, as the critical mediator of the gut-brain axis, can produce and transport neuroactive substances, thus playing a significant role in the pathogenesis of depression. Although regular physical exercise is an important nondrug antidepressant, its specific effector mechanism is still unclear. Methods. Rats were randomly divided into four different groups (n = 10 for each group) as follows: normal group (G1), depression group (G2), fluoxetine treatment group (G3), and regular exercise treatment group (G4). All rats underwent forced swimming tests, tail suspension tests, open field tests, and elevated plus-maze tests to detect behavioristics. Then, corticosterone lev

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  24. Immunological Effects of an Add-On Physical Exercise Therapy in Depressed Adolescents and Its Interplay with Depression Severity

    H. Wunram, Max Oberste, S. Hamacher, et al. · 2021 · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · 9 citations

    Background: Pro-inflammatory cytokines (PICs) have gained attention in the pathophysiology and treatment of depressive disorders. At the same time, the therapeutic effect of physical activity seems to work via immunomodulatory pathways. The interventional study “Mood Vibes” analyzed the influence of exercise on depression severity (primary endpoint) in depressive adolescents; the influence of PICs on the clinical outcome was analyzed as a secondary endpoint. Methods: Clinically diagnosed depressed adolescents (N = 64; 28.1% male; mean age = 15.9; mean BMI = 24.6) were included and participated either in Whole Body Vibration (WBV) (n = 21) or bicycle ergometer training (n = 20) in addition to

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